Equation Balancer
Conserve atoms. Calculate reacting masses. Control reaction rates.
Reaction chamber
Concept figure
Higher collision frequency or energy can increase the rate of reaction.
Your challenge
Live graph
Relative atomic masses: H 1, C 12, O 16, Mg 24, Al 27, Cl 35.5, Ca 40, Fe 56. Gas molar volume: 24 dm³/mol at room conditions.
The chemistry
Balancing: the number of atoms of each element must be equal on both sides. Change coefficients, never subscripts.
Reacting masses: n = m / M; use the coefficient ratio to find product moles; m = nM.
Rate: initial rate ≈ initial gradient of the CO₂ volume–time graph, in cm³/s.
For CaCO₃(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g), 1 mol of CaCO₃ produces 1 mol of CO₂ if acid is sufficient.
Rate model: V(t) = V∞[1 − exp(−rt/V∞)]. The effective rate parameter changes with temperature, concentration and chip size. This is a simplified teaching model, not a measured kinetic law.